![]() ![]() Materials and methodsĪ systematic review of articles published between January 1990 and August 2011 using Medline and the MeSH Term ‘Mandibular fractures’ in combination with the following terms ‘pathological,’ ‘iatrogenic,’ ‘tooth removal,’ ‘cysts,’ ‘osteomyelitis,’ ‘osteoradionecrosis,’ ‘Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw,’ ‘Tumor,’ and ‘Gorham disease’.Īrticles presenting cases and populations of patients affected by pathological fractures were identified and included. Treatment of pathological fractures that are associated with such conditions can be challenging, and it should differ according to etiology 4- 7. Pathological fractures usually may be determined by surgical interventions (third molar removal and implant placement), result from regions of osteomyelitis, osteoradionecrosis (ORN), and bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ), occur because of idiopathic reasons or be facilitated by cystic lesions, benign, malignant, or metastatic tumors 1- 109. They could be defined as fractures that occur in regions where bone has been weakened by an underlying pathological process 1- 4. Pathological mandibular fractures are rare, accounting for fewer than 2% of all fractures of the mandible 1- 3.
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